The process of physical change in state, that occurs when water vapor or gas converts into a liquid is condensation. According to the kinetic molecular theory, the particles lose kinetic energy and slow down and thus become more arranged and have a definite shape but an indefinite volume, a liquid.
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Parasitic infection because a<span> </span>parasitic<span> disease, also known as parasitosis, and an</span>infectious<span> disease caused or transmitted by a</span>parasite<span>. Many </span>parasites<span> do not cause diseases.</span>Parasitic<span> diseases can affect practically all living organisms, including plants and mammals.
The study of </span>parasitic<span> diseases is called parasitology.</span>
'RNA is transcribed and translated in the cytoplasm', 'transcription produces an mRNA ready for translation' and 'RNA is proofread for errors' occur in prokaryotes, whereas '5′ cap, 3' poly-(A) tail and RNA splicing' occur in eukaryotes.
The prokaryotic cells (e.g., bacterial cells) do not contain cell nuclei, thereby the messenger RNA (mRNA) must be transcribed and translated in the cytoplasm.
During prokaryotic transcription, the RNA transcript is proofread for errors. In bacteria, DNA polymerases proofread the transcript by using their 3’ → 5’ exonuclease activity.
In eukaryotic cells, RNA processing consists of several mechanisms:
- A 7-methylguanosine cap (5′ cap) is added to the 5′ end of the precursor messenger RNA (pre-mRNA).
- A 3' poly-Adenine (A) tail is added to the 3' end of the pre-mRNA.
- Both the 5′ cap and 3' poly-(A) tail protect the RNA transcript from its degradation by exonucleases.
- Eukaryotic RNA splicing consists of the removal of non-coding regions called 'introns' and subsequent splicing of the protein-coding regions called 'exons'.
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