Eukaryotic transcripts (mRNA) have to undergo capping and splicing before it can be translated.
<h3>RNA processing:</h3>
1. An RNA transcript is first produced in a eukaryotic cell as a pre-mRNA, which needs to be converted into a messenger RNA (mRNA).
2. The RNA transcript is given a 5' cap at the start and a 3' poly-A tail at the end.
3. The process of splicing involves cutting out some RNA transcript segments (introns), then joining the remaining segments (exons) back together.
4. Some genes have the ability to alternate splices, which produces various mature mRNA molecules from the same beginning transcript.
The introns not only do not contain the information necessary to construct a protein, but they also need to be cut off in order for the mRNA to create a protein with the correct sequence. An mRNA with extra "junk" in it will be created if the spliceosome fails to remove an intron, and the translation process will result in the production of the incorrect protein.
Learn more about RNA transcript here:
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This means means that it's not as strong as a covalent bond. A hydrogen bond occurs in water when the oxygen, which is slightly more negative than the hydrogen, becomes attracted to another water molecule's hydrogen. ... On the other hand covalent bonds require the sharing of electrons between atoms.Jun 29, 2014
Answer:
C, D.
Explanation:
C: The flowing lava creates extra rock. For example, entire islands are formed via this process of volcanos erupting, lava cooling, repeat.
D: Silt from erosion (erosion itself is considered destructive, but the resulting silt can turn into something constructive.) can build up entire mounds or mountains over time.
Answer:
<em><u>Osmosis and facilitated diffusion</u></em> are two forms of passive transport that are integral to cellular transport mechanisms.
Explanation:
Cells surrounded by a bilipid layer or plasma membrane are amphiphilic, with their polar, hydrophilic lipid heads facing outward, while their hydrophobic non-polar lipid tails facing each other inward.
Although lipid-soluble molecules travel quickly through the bilayer, traveling across its surface into the cell is often difficult for charged and large molecules. Thus, transport proteins, pores and gated channels, transmembrane channels, embedded within the membrane, help to preserve selective permeability.
Across plasma membranes as a form of passive transport in cells, substances move via:
- osmosis - water molecules readily pass through the membrane; the molecules move from high concentration regions to low concentration regions at will through the membrane- they move down their concentration gradient
- facilitated diffusion - channel proteins allow charged ions to move across the membrane. Sodium ions are able to pass freely through specialized sodium channel pores into some cells. These channels always remain open- the ions move down their concentration gradient.
