The correct answer is C) Expresses the justification for a dissenting opinion of one or more judges.
In the Supreme Court, there are 9 justices who make decisions on the court cases they are presented with. Since only a majority is needed to rule on the constitutionality of the case, the other judges have the opportunity to write an excerpt explaining why they disagree with the majority explaination and ruling.
The phrase taxation without representation describes a populace that is required to pay taxes to a government authority without having any say in that government's policies.