Answer:
The end of the Peloponnesian War did not bring the promised “…beginning of freedom for all of Greece.”[1] Instead, Sparta provoked a series of wars which rearranged the system of alliances which had helped them win the long war against Athens. A peace conference between Sparta and Thebes in 371 ended badly and the Spartans promptly marched upon Thebes with an army of nine thousand hoplites and one thousand cavalry. Opposing them were six thousand Theban and allied hoplites and one thousand cavalry.[2]
Over generations, the Thebans had been increasing the depth of their phalanx, generally given pride of place on the right wing of coalition armies, from the traditional eight men, to sixteen, then twenty-five and even thirty-five ranks. As the Spartan and Theban armies maneuvered toward the plain of Leuctra, the brilliant Theban general Epaminondas devised a new tactic which would use the deep phalanx to destroy the myth of Spartan superiority.
Over the generations, the citizens of Thebes had developed a reputation as tough, unyielding fighters. Epaminondas had witnessed the power of the deep Theban phalanx at previous battles, and increased the depth of the phalanx to fifty ranks, but only eighty files wide. But Epaminondas’ true innovation was to position the deep Theban column not on the right, where it would have clashed with the Spartan’s weaker allies, but on the left, where it would attack the main phalanx of the Spartan “Peers” led by King Cleombrotus, arranged only twelve ranks deep. In other words, Epaminondas was concentrating his fighting power at the critical point in the evenly-spaced, less concentrated Spartan phalanx. Finally, he arranged the Theban’s allies on his right would advance “in echelon”, each poleis’ phalanx staying slightly to the rear of that to its left, so that the allied right would protect the Theban’s flank, but not initially engage with the enemy (see Leuctra map – ‘Initial Situation’). When asked why he positioned the Theban phalanx opposite the Spartan king, Epaminondas stated he would “crush…the head of the serpent”.[3]
I believe there are lots of reasons why the Roman Empire declined but the 3 most important ones are, Government corruption and political instability, Invasions by Barbarian tribes, and The rise of the Eastern Empire, but the one I think is the most important is the first one reason.
I think you would need to tell both leaders to explain their problems then let the other world leaders put their mouths in.
One of the most desired spices, undoubtedly is cinnamon, because it has specific properties,such as preservative, particularly to preserve meat due to its antibacterial characteristic, another reason for being used by physicians to treat cough and sore throats among others.
It comes from Sri Lanka, before called Ceylon (Cinnamomum zeylanicum). Spices were so expensive, that this inspired Cristopher Columbus to find an alternative route to India to obtain them, because this would be a cheaper enterprise than buying them from middlemen and European monopolies.
They both depended on the rivers. And human sacrifice XD. <span />
