The correct answer is B, as English settlement of the New World was not an effect of the Industrial Revolution.
The English settlement in the Americas was a consequence of the establishment of mercantilism as the prevailing economic model in Europe, and occurred 100 years before the Industrial Revolution.
The British Empire began to take shape in the early 17th century, through the establishment of the Jamestown colony in 1607 in Virginia, which would be the beginning of the Thirteen Colonies in North America. Colonization of small islands in the Caribbean Sea such as Jamaica and Barbados also took place.
The sugar producing colonies of the Caribbean, where slavery became the basis of the economy, were the most important and lucrative colonies for England. The American colonies produced tobacco, cotton and rice in the south, and naval material and animal skins in the north.
