Red Guards<span>, </span>Chinese (Pinyin) <span>Hongweibing </span>or (Wade-Giles romanization) Hung-wei-ping, in Chinese history, groups of militant university and high school students formed into paramilitary units as part of the Cultural Revolution (1966–76). These young people often wore green jackets similar to the uniforms of the Chinese army at the time, with red armbands attached to one of the sleeves. They were formed under the auspices of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) in 1966 in order to help party chairman Mao Zedong combat “revisionist” authorities—i.e., those party leaders Mao considered as being insufficiently revolutionary. Mao was thus making a bid to regain control of the CCP from his colleagues, but the Red Guards who responded in August 1966 to his summons fancied themselves as new revolutionary rebels pledged to eliminating all remnants of the old culture in China, as well as purging all supposedly bourgeois elements within the government. Several million Red Guards journeyed to Beijing to meet with Mao in eight massive demonstrations late in 1966, and the total number of Red Guards throughout the country may have reached 11 million at some point.
While engaging in marches, meetings, and frenzied propagandizing, Red Guard units attacked and persecuted local party leaders as well as schoolteachers and school officials, other intellectuals, and persons of traditional views. Several hundred thousand people died in the course of these persecutions. By early 1967 Red Guard units were overthrowing existing party authorities in towns, cities, and entire provinces. These units soon began fighting among themselves, however, as various factions vied for power amidst each one’s claims that it was the true representative of Maoist thought. The Red Guards’ increasing factionalism and their total disruption of industrial production and of Chinese urban life caused the government in 1967–68 to urge the Red Guards to retire into the countryside. The Chinese military was called in to restore order throughout the country, and from this point the Red Guard movement gradually subsided.
I think that is it called a veto, but I could very well be wrong.
Historians view the Chester Arthur presidency as an important
surprise, one that no one would have expected. Put simply, he performed
well in office, defying his state-based reputation as a slick machine
politician. Despite his poor health, he attempted to govern competently,
and he succeeded to a degree that was never acknowledged by his fellow
politicians, the press, or the great mass of Americans.
Although Arthur preferred efficient partisan government service to
one selected by competitive examinations, he nevertheless showed
tremendous flexibility and a willingness to embrace reform. By
struggling with the tariff issue (especially being willing to question
the protectionist doctrines of the Republican Party) and supporting the
modernization of the American Navy, Arthur stands as an important
transitional figure in the reunification of the nation after the bitter
turmoil of the Civil War and Reconstruction. No party hack, Arthur
demonstrated how the office of President could bring out the very best
in its occupants.
Let me know if i had helped you please and thanks
In 1619, the first Africans were brought to the colony of Jamestown, Virginia.
