1. FALSE
Glaciers flow and shape, sculpt and carve landscapes Glaciers also move and transport material as they go. Today, glacier erosions continue to affect landscapes and mold landforms. The Rhone Valley in Switzerland is an example of present-day glaciers continuing to give form to the environment.
2. TRUE
Westerly winds are found between 30 and 60 degrees latitude. Westerlies blow over Northern United States and Canada. It is the prevailing air currents in the area and the Pacific bringing heavy precipitation. The westerlies puffed on shore from Vancouver to Juneau. Along with the heavy precipitation, the westerly winds result in moderate climate.
3. TRUE
The WWF (World Wide Fund for Nature) is aiming for biodiversity conservation. They have identified biogeographic units and defined them as an ecoregion. It is a landscape where most of the species and dynamics are shared with the communities, where the environmental conditions are alike, and where ecology interacts critically for the long-term persistence of the communities.
4. C. EL NINO
El Nino is referred to as “southern oscillation” because wind water movements are reversed. During El Nino, the normally forceful trade winds are weak and the warm surface waters flow from East (Pacific) to West all the way to South America.
5. A. Changes in the Earth’s climate caused ice sheets to grow.
The Earth’s climate changed and two large ice sheets overran Northern Europe, North America and most of Canada. During the Last Glacial Maxim (LGM), global temperatures were lower with 4-8 degrees colder oceans in the North. The ice sheets were approximately 2-4 kilometers thick.
6. D. All of the above
40 % of North America’s total land area is covered with woodlands, covering about 850 million hectares. The forests of North America account for 20% of this calculation. The forests provide timber and water sources. It also provides recreation and hunting to people.
7. D. Prevailing westerlies
The prevailing westerlies, also called “westerlies” and “anti-trades”, move from west to east from high pressure areas in the horse latitudes. It carries the warm equatorial waters and wind to the southern hemisphere. The westerlies are usually strong in the Southern Hemisphere and strongest in the winter hemisphere.
8. D. Timber and oil
Canada supplies high-quality timber and logs popular for sophisticated designs in vacation home construction.
Canada’s oil lands hold 99% of reserves. Canada is the fourth largest exporter of oil in the world with 99% of the exports going to the United States.
9. C. The intricate river systems
Inland transportation and commerce was made possible by the waterways with approximately 350 ports catering to business-carrying ships such as commercial vessels, fishing and recreational vessels. The industry also included superior services in the shipyards with trained laborers for building, repair and maintenance of the ships.
10. C. Limited transportation capacity to deliver the energy to the customer
There is no or limited access to modern and clean sustainable energy. Large-scale investments and financing for the transportation at mobilization of these energy sources to the consumers is also a challenge. The siting and transmission needs to be carefully planned to ensure that renewable energy reaches the consumer effectively and efficiently with lesser costs.
11. A. Geothermal
Wind, hydropower, solar, geothermal and biomass are some examples of renewable energies. In the most recent years, solar and wind has increased because of its availability. Biomass, wind and hydropower are essentially secondary sources of solar energy. Geothermal energy is a non-solar renewable energy coming from the core of the Earth. Geothermal energy is plentiful in Iceland and Philippines.
