Answer:
increase the effective interest rate of borrowing
Explanation:
Cost of debt refers to the total cost a company incurs for raising debt which includes fixed coupon rate payments to bondholders.
Cost of debt is calculated using the following formula:

wherein
= Cost of debt
I = annual rate of coupon payment
t= tax rate
NP = Net proceeds which is par value less issue expenses
when NP is taken as the base, while calculating cost of debt, it is termed as effective interest rate.
So, bond issue costs reduce the net proceeds and thus, increase the effective interest rate of borrowing for the issuer company.
Answer:
Regression analysis
Explanation:
Regression Analysis involves looking at past behavior to predict future behavior. By looking for predictors within past data, it can be determined how well those factors can predict a future outcome.
A recent college graduate with a major in economics attends a job fair but has not yet found a job. This graduate is counted as a Frictionally unemployed worker.
What is frictional unemployment?
Frictional unemployment happens when a person is voluntarily job searching or searching for a new career. Frictional unemployment isn't necessarily a bad thing. In fact, because frictional unemployment is voluntary, it can be a sign of a healthy economy. It means that employees are seeking new jobs and new careers
What is an example of frictional unemployment?
Examples of frictional unemployment include: Employees leaving their current positions to find new ones. Employees seeking a career change. Individuals entering the workforce for the first time after graduating from college or searching for their first job.
Learn more about frictional unemployment:
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Answer: Contracts
Explanation: Because the 2 parties are coming to a contractual agreement.