They had just started the french revolution and the king and queen were neglecting their people and spending all the tax money on throwing parties and buying clothes plus they had just helped finance the american revolution instead of helping their own people
Martin Luther was raised in the church with a solid education in the church's teachings and in the art of scholarly debate. He spent time living as a monk, knowing the Catholic Church's spiritual path from that perspective. As a monk, he had traveled to Rome and seen the corruption that was evident there, which shocked him. He had studied deeply to become a Doctor of Theology and taught theology at the University of Wittenberg. He had the training and stature to contend with the powerful leaders within the Catholic Church, because his own scholarship and skill were second to none. And he personally had experienced the overwhelming sense of guilt that the scholastic theology of the church had imposed on him, in contrast to the message of grace in Christ that he found when studying the Bible itself.
E, C, and B. D doesnt make sense to help with that era.
During the first twenty years of the twentieth century china went trough political turmoil as seen by the people of the Republic of China, themselves. It also seen by other nations the way its economy and international relations are concerned. But nevertheless, China was still able to manage their economy and being one of the big nations.