The correct answer is option four.
Narrative exposition is a literary device to introduce background information about the characters, the setting and previous events. Some procedures to display exposition are flashback, dialogues, journals or the characters' thoughts.
In "Cinderella", before the protagonist dances with the Prince, an invitation to the Prince's Ball comes to Cinderella's home. As a result, considering the course of the events, the invitation is part of the circumstances surrounding the background of the story.
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The sentence that shows an example of an allusion is as follows:
"Therefore, all of her classmates were astonished by her Rapunzel-like transformation".
An allusion is a literary technique in which a reference is made to a person, place or thing which happened in the past. In this case, the allusion is towards, Rapunzel, a princess with very long, flowing hair.
By giving examples of countries that have become democracies