A bond will sell at premium when its coupon interest rate <u>exceeds the market interest rate on similar bonds.</u>
Explanation:
Premium bonds are the bonds that are trading above par in the market. Further on the bond would trade on premium only when it offers a coupon rate exceeding the market rate that is being offered on similar bonds.
In simple lay man's language, the term premium and discount can be understood to carry a crude definition of high and low demand. When the demand would be high, the bonds would fetch a higher value and vice-versa.
Thus Bonds would highly be valued when it is paying interest that is greater than the interest prevailing in the market contemporarily.
Answer:
P0 = $66.6429 rounded off to $66.64
Option c is the correct answer
Explanation:
Using the two stage growth model of dividend discount model, we can calculate the price of the stock today. The DDM values a stock based on the present value of the expected future dividends from the stock. The formula to calculate the price of the stock today is,
P0 = D0 * (1+g1) / (1+r) + D0 * (1+g1)^2 / (1+r)^2 + ... + D0 * (1+g1)^n / (1+r)^n + [(D0 * (1+g1)^n * (1+g2) / (r - g2)) / (1+r)^n]
Where,
- g1 is the initial growth rate
- g2 is the constant growth rate
- r is the required rate of return
P0 = 2* (1+0.2) / (1+0.1) + 2 * (1+0.2)^2 / (1+0.1)^2 + 2 * (1+0.2)^3 / (1+0.1)^3
+ 2 * (1+0.2)^4 / (1+0.1)^4 + 2 * (1+0.2)^5 / (1+0.1)^5 +
[(2 * (1+0.2)^5 * (1+0.04) / (0.1 - 0.04)) / (1+0.1)^5]
P0 = $66.6429 rounded off to $66.64
Answer:
Scarcity and Utility
I will explain the concepts of scarcity, value, and utility using my laptop and some writing pens. I have only one laptop available in my family. I use it 24-hours daily. I attach so much value (utility) to the laptop because it is only one. It is very scare in my household. On the other hand, I have a packet of writing pens. Pens are relatively not scare in my household. If my laptop is missing, I will raise uproar in the house. Everybody present will answer a tedious query. But, if one of the pens gets missing, I may not even be aware that it is missing. At the moment, I do not attach much value (utility) to the writing pens because I have many of them presently . Writing pens are not scare in my household, as I said earlier.
Using these examples, I have demonstrated the concepts of scarcity, utility, and value.
Explanation:
Therefore, scarcity is defined by the value and the relative availability of a good. Scarcity is a basic economic problem that shows the gap existing between limited resources and unlimited needs. Based on the lack experienced with satisfying a need, one has to always choose between alternatives in order to maximize resource allocation and utility.
Utility in Economics refers to the value or satisfaction derivable from the meeting of a human or economic need. It is initially connected to the concept of scarcity. But after attaining some level of utility, scarcity temporarily evaporates. And this is the dividing thin line. This is why they are mostly used together. "Something that is valuable is scarce and give utility." Something that is not highly valuable is not usual scarce and does not give much utility, at least, to an extent.
Another answer to go along with the rest is (contribute to keeping ecosystems productive) I hope this helps
