Keratinocytes are differentiated skin cells found in the outermost layer of the epidermis. Dendritic cells are antigen-presenting cells that play important roles in the adaptive immune response.
- In addition to keratinocytes, the <em>stratum spinosum</em> also contains another epidermal cell type called epidermal DENDRITIC cells that help to fight infection.
- The s<em>tratum spinosum</em><em> </em>is an epidermal skin layer between the <em>stratum granulosum </em>and<em> stratum basale</em>.
- Dendritic cells are antigen-presenting cells that are capable of processing harmful antigens in order to present them on the cell surface to the T cells of the immune system.
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By eating plants and other animals, because they obtain their carbon from food.
C applies as the kidney must excrete salt in order to get rid of excess water. (Water chases salt) if there is too much salt in the body the urine will be much more concentrated then if the body had too much water. Glucose may kbly be excreted if there are problems with the kidney- some diabetics pee out glucose. D applies to some degree- salt will still be excreted but in very dilute amounts- as the water must chase something in order to be excreted.
Answer:
The correct answer would be - structure of protein and conformation of the R group of the particular amino acid.
Explanation:
The functional properties such as solubility, color, water retention and absorption, texture, foam formation, curdling and other are decided and depends on the structure of the protein and make up of the R-group attached to particular amino acid.
Each amino acid has a single conformation different from other amino acid and which is extremely stable, this unique conformation has its chemical properties that helps in proteins to perform certain and particular catalytic and structural function.
Thus, the correct answer is - structure of protein and conformation of the R group of the particular amino acid.
Answer:
I think it's (E) but I'm not sure
