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3 years ago

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Johnny makes wooden benches to sell. His advertising costs are $150 per month and each bench costs him $100 to make. If he sells

each bench for $175, how many benches must he sell to break even each month? A.) 1 bench B.) 2 benches C.) 3 benches D.) 4 benches

2 answers:

Elis [28]3 years ago

6 0

Answer:

B)2 benches

Step-by-step explanation:

To break even each month he needs to spend the same amount of money that he earns.

Let's see how much he earns and how much he spends each month:

He earns $175 per bench he sells. If x represents the number of benches he sells in one month, we can write the earning as 175x.

He spends $150 in advertising and $100 per bench, that's 150 + 100x.

So, we need to find out x that makes true the equation 175x = 150 + 100x

175x - 100x = 150

75x = 150

x = 150/75

x = 2

He must sell 2 benches to break even each month

liubo4ka [24]3 years ago

4 0

150 + 100x = 175x
<span>150 = 75x </span>
<span>2 = x </span>
hope this helps

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We assume that question b is asking for the distribution of $\\ \overline{x}$ , that is, the distribution for the average amount of pollutants.

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a. The distribution of X is a normal distribution $\\ X \sim N(8.6, 1.3)$ .

b. The distribution for the average amount of pollutants is $\\ \overline{X} \sim N(8.6, \frac{1.3}{\sqrt{38}})$ .

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d. $\\ P(z>-0.47) = 0.6808$ .

e. We do not need to assume that the distribution from we take the sample is normal. We already know that the distribution for X is normally distributed. Moreover, the distribution for $\\ \overline{X}$ is also normal because <em>the sample was taken from a normal distribution</em>.

f. $\\ IQR = 0.2868$ ppm. $\\ Q1 = 8.4566$ ppm and $\\ Q3 = 8.7434$ ppm.

Step-by-step explanation:

First, we have all this information from the question:

The random variable here, X, is the number of pollutants that are found in waterways near large cities.
This variable is <em>normally distributed</em>, with parameters:
$\\ \mu = 8.6$ ppm.
$\\ \sigma = 1.3$ ppm.
There is a sample of size, $\\ n = 38$ taken from this normal distribution.

a. What is the distribution of X?

The distribution of X is the normal (or Gaussian) distribution. X (uppercase) is the random variable, and follows a normal distribution with $\\ \mu = 8.6$ ppm and $\\ \sigma =1.3$ ppm or $\\ X \sim N(8.6, 1.3)$ .

b. What is the distribution of $\\ \overline{x}$ ?

The distribution for $\\ \overline{x}$ is $\\ N(\mu, \frac{\sigma}{\sqrt{n}})$ , i.e., the distribution for the sampling distribution of the means follows a normal distribution:

$\\ \overline{X} \sim N(8.6, \frac{1.3}{\sqrt{38}})$ .

c. What is the probability that one randomly selected city's waterway will have more than 8.5 ppm pollutants?

Notice that the question is asking for the random variable X (and not $\\ \overline{x}$ ). Then, we can use a <em>standardized value</em> or <em>z-score</em> so that we can consult the <em>standard normal table</em>.

$\\ z = \frac{x - \mu}{\sigma}$ [1]

x = 8.5 ppm and the question is about $\\ P(x>8.5)$ =?

Using [1]

$\\ z = \frac{8.5 - 8.6}{1.3}$

$\\ z = \frac{-0.1}{1.3}$

$\\ z = -0.07692 \approx -0.08$ (standard normal table has entries for two decimals places for z).

For $\\ z = -0.08$ , is $\\ P(z$ .

But, we are asked for $\\ P(z>-0.08) \approx P(x>8.5)$ .

$\\ P(z-0.08) = 1$

$\\ P(z>-0.08) = 1 - P(z$

$\\ P(z>-0.08) = 0.5319$

Thus, "the probability that one randomly selected city's waterway will have more than 8.5 ppm pollutants" is $\\ P(z>-0.08) = 0.5319$ .

d. For the 38 cities, find the probability that the average amount of pollutants is more than 8.5 ppm.

Or $\\ P(\overline{x} > 8.5)$ ppm?

This random variable follows a standardized random variable normally distributed, i.e. $\\ Z \sim N(0, 1)$ :

$\\ Z = \frac{\overline{X} - \mu}{\frac{\sigma}{\sqrt{n}}}$ [2]

$\\ z = \frac{\overline{8.5} - 8.6}{\frac{1.3}{\sqrt{38}}}$

$\\ z = \frac{-0.1}{0.21088}$

$\\ z = \frac{-0.1}{0.21088} \approx -0.47420 \approx -0.47$

$\\ P(z$

Again, we are asked for $\\ P(z>-0.47)$ , then

$\\ P(z>-0.47) = 1 - P(z$

$\\ P(z>-0.47) = 1 - 0.3192$

$\\ P(z>-0.47) = 0.6808$

Then, the probability that the average amount of pollutants is more than 8.5 ppm for the 38 cities is $\\ P(z>-0.47) = 0.6808$ .

e. For part d), is the assumption that the distribution is normal necessary?

For this question, we do not need to assume that the distribution from we take the sample is normal. We already know that the distribution for X is normally distributed. Moreover, the distribution for $\\ \overline{X}$ is also normal because the sample was taken from a normal distribution. Additionally, the sample size is large enough to show a bell-shaped distribution.

f. Find the IQR for the average of 38 cities.

We must find the first quartile (25th percentile), and the third quartile (75th percentile). For $\\ P(z$ , $\\ z \approx -0.68$ , then, using [2]:

$\\ -0.68 = \frac{\overline{X} - 8.6}{\frac{1.3}{\sqrt{38}}}$

$\\ (-0.68 *0.21088) + 8.6 = \overline{X}$

$\\ \overline{x} =8.4566$

$\\ Q1 = 8.4566$ ppm.

For Q3

$\\ 0.68 = \frac{\overline{X} - 8.6}{\frac{1.3}{\sqrt{38}}}$

$\\ (0.68 *0.21088) + 8.6 = \overline{X}$

$\\ \overline{x} =8.7434$

$\\ Q3 = 8.7434$ ppm.

$\\ IQR = Q3-Q1 = 8.7434 - 8.4566 = 0.2868$ ppm

Therefore, the IQR for the average of 38 cities is $\\ IQR = 0.2868$ ppm. $\\ Q1 = 8.4566$ ppm and $\\ Q3 = 8.7434$ ppm.

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