The kidney is considered a major homeostatic organ because it maintains the balance of water, ions, and electrolytes in the blood.
Kidneys extract wastes and excess fluid from the body, kidneys also remove acid that is created by the cells in the body and sustain a healthy equilibrium of salts, water, and minerals like sodium, potassium, calcium, and phosphorus in the blood.
Each kidney consists of almost a million filtering units called nephrons. Every nephron has a filter, called the tubule, and a glomerulus. The nephrons function via a two-step process, the glomerulus purifies the blood, and the tubule returns required substances to the blood and clears wastes.
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Temperature inversion or thermal inversion is a phenomenon during which the temperature increase when there is an increase in the altitude. It is an uncommon process that happens in the troposphere-the layer of atmosphere closest to the earth.
When there is an increase in temperature with altitude that warm air acts as a blockage for the cool air near the surface of the earth. So this is just opposite to the normal behavior of the air, where it becomes cooler with an increase in altitude.
So how air circulation behaves during inversion?
So as we said that the cool air nearer to the earth will be blocked by a layer of warm air. This blockage will hinder the circulation of air upwards from the lower layers. Let’s see how:
• As we know that, warm air is less dense and more buyout than cool air and normally less dense warm air is close to the earth and cool air is in above layers. But when the process is reversed, this warm air acts like a blanket for the proper circulation of air. Due to this, many environmental pollutants which normally leave the earth during air circulation get trapped in our air.
• The trapped environmental pollutants like nitrogen oxides and hydrocarbons get convert into harmful ozone that ultimately deteriorates the quality of air and causes problems like smog.
• The improper air circulation also causes suspension of the harmful gases near the earth instead of allowing them to leave the earth atmosphere. This ultimately causes air pollution.
• When smoke will not rise, carbon dioxide will be build up in the atmosphere; this will cause greenhouse effect and global warming.
Therefore, air circulation behaves very different during temperature inversion process and poses hazardous effects on global climate.
Hope it helps! :)
The correct statement is D. The mental region is superior to the nasal region.
The different terms in the statements are anatomical terms. We use them to describe the regions and locations of organs.
<h3>Why are the other statements incorrect</h3>
- The pubic region is inferior to the pelvic region: inferior means is lower. However, the pubic region is higher than the pelvic region.
- The olecranon region is distal to the carpal region: we describe organs and bones in relation to the nearest parts to the axis of the body. In other words, we describe things from proximal (to the column and head) to distal. So, the carpal is distal to the olecranon.
- The heart lies dorsal to the vertebral column: dorsal means behind. The heart lies ventral to the column. In other words, towards the front of it.
- The sternal region is lateral to the axillary region: we describe locations from proximal to distal, so the axillary region is lateral to the sternal region.
In conclusion, the correct option is: The mental region is superior to the nasal region because the mental region is the one that is above the nasal one in the skull.
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Answer
Two structures located in the diencephalon are hypothalamus and epithalamus
Explanation
The diencephalon of the human brain has four main structures which are the hypothalamus, the thalamus, the epithalamus and the subthalamus. Thalamus structure is at the center of the brain which relays sensory impulses to the cerebral cortex. The hypothalamus regulates the temperature of the body while the epithalamus maintains the circadian rhythms.
