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babymother [125]
3 years ago
10

When the formal regime in the country of Zoalia collapsed, the growth of many entrepreneurial firms was facilitated by informal

constraints based on personal relationships and connections among managers and officials. This is an example of _____.​
a) informal constraints providing constancy for managers and firms in situations where formal constraints are unclear
b) firms’ behavior being exclusively controlled by formal institutions
c) firms’ behavior being exclusively controlled by informal institutions
d) informal constraints increasing uncertainty for managers and firms in situations where formal constraints are unclear
Business
1 answer:
Blababa [14]3 years ago
8 0

Answer:

The answer is D) informal constraints increasing uncertainty for managers and firms in situations where formal constraints  are unclear.

Explanation:

When you don´t have formal restraints and the same rules that apply for all, uncertainty among managers and their firms will increase.

This is a clear example of corruption taking place in a country where formal institutions or governments have collapsed or have been overthrown and the "new leaders" benefit from the situation. In this case the companies or firms which are "friendly" to the new government will flourish because no formal institutions or constraints remain. Instead they are replaced by informal constraints setup to favor specific firms and companies. That means that the "new leaders" may establish new rules for the companies or firms to follow at their will in order to favor whoever they want.

This may benefit the "new leaders" and their "friends" but it hurts all the other companies and firms. In order for a company to keep on doing business as usual, or get a new contract or license, it will probably need to become friends with the new regime and that usually means payments and other types of bribes.    

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Coronado Company had the following department information for the month: Total materials costs $55000 Equivalent units of materi
aniked [119]

Answer:

10.9 per unit

Explanation:

Total manufacturing cost per unit= Material cost per unit + Conversion cost per unit

Material Cost per Unit= Total materials cos / Equivalent units of materials

Material cost per unit = 55000 / 10000 = 5.5

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7 0
3 years ago
You were asked to estimate the cost of capital for XYZ Inc. The firm is expected to have a target capital structure of 30% debt,
kap26 [50]

Answer:

8.30%

Explanation:

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WACC=(We*Ke)+(Wp*Kp)+(Wd*kd)

We=weight of common equity=50%

Ke=cost of retained earnings which is a proxy for the cost of equity=11.50%

Wp=weight of preferred stock=20%

Kp=cost of preferred stock=6.00%

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3 0
3 years ago
Current operating income for Bay Area Cycles Co. is $34,000. Selling price per unit is $100, the contribution margin ratio is 25
leonid [27]

Answer:

break even point in unit =5440 units

break even point in sales = $544000

total sale = $680000

Explanation:

given data

Current operating income = $34,000

Selling price = $100

margin ratio = 25%

to find out

Bay Area Cycle’s break even point in units and total sales dollars

solution

we get here first break even point that is express as

break even point in unit =  \frac{fixed\ cost}{contribution\ per\ unit}   ..................1

break even point in unit =  \frac{136000}{100*0.25}

break even point in unit =5440 units

so

break even point in sales =  \frac{fixed\ cost}{margin\ ratio}   ..................2

break even point in sales = \frac{136000}{0.25}

break even point in sales = $544000

and

total sales will be

total sale =  \frac{operating\ income+ fixed\ expense}{margin\ ratio}   ..................3

total sale =  \frac{34000+136000}{0.25}

total sale = $680000

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