Biosphere because humans and animals live
Answer:
The correct answer is option - e. all of the above are useful traits.
Explanation:
A cloning vector is a small segment of DNA that can be established stably in an individual organism and able to internalize a foreign DNA for cloning purposes. The cloning vector could be taken from different organisms such as plasmid of a bacterium, or DNA from a virus. A cloning vector must possess some characteristics -
The cloning vector must be self-replicating ability in the host cells, it should be small in size with restriction site for the restriction endonuclease enzymes in it. The replication character of the vector should not interfere with the internalized DNA fragment. The presence of marker genes in the vector is also a property that is helpful in identifying of recombinant cells.
Thus, the correct answer is option - e. all of the above are useful traits.
Answer:
cells connecting to each other in colonies and communicating.
Explanation:
Answer:
Explanation:
1 Long term exposure to harmful genotoxic chemicals or ionizing radiation can cause changes in the base sequence of DNA.Chemicals might induce DNA mutations, such as polycyclic hydrocarbons (fumes found in oil stations, or smoke from a tobacco cigarette), intercalating agents such as Ethidium Bromide (carcinogen), but also radiations such as UV-radiation (C and T bases are most vulnerable and would bind to identical bases unstead of their
2 Genetic changes that are described as de novo (new) mutations can be either hereditary or somatic. In some cases, the mutation occurs in a person’s egg or sperm cell but is not present in any of the person’s other cells. In other cases, the mutation occurs in the fertilized egg shortly after the egg and sperm cells unite. (It is often impossible to tell exactly when a de novo mutation happened.) As the fertilized egg divides, each resulting cell in the growing embryo will have the mutation. De novo mutations may explain genetic disorders in which an affected child has a mutation in every cell in the body but the parents do not, and there is no family history of the disorder.
Somatic mutations that happen in a single cell early in embryonic development can lead to a situation called mosaicism. These genetic changes are not present in a parent’s egg or sperm cells, or in the fertilized egg, but happen a bit later when the embryo includes several cells. As all the cells divide during growth and development, cells that arise from the cell with the altered gene will have the mutation, while other cells will not. Depending on the mutation and how many cells are affected, mosaicism may or may not cause health problems.
