Answer:
a. Political, religious, and economic rivalries shaped European colonial policies in Africa.
Explanation:
The competition and rivalry that existed among the European countries that colonized African helped to shape the structure, polities and economic development in Africa. The European countries try to outsmart and outgrown one and another. As a result, different aspects of African countries were transformed and this shaped the policies in Africa.
Answers:
A. The Ottoman Turks controlled the silk road, which was the main route from Europe through the Middle East to Asia.
B. demand in Europe for Asia spices, silk, and other goods had grown considerably.
C. traveling overland from Europe to Asia was extremely difficult and hazardous.
The Silk Road, a trading route that lead from Europe to Asia through the Middle East, was controlled by different powers at different times. However, in 1453, the rise of the Ottoman Turks made the journey difficult, expensive or sometimes impossible for European traders.
A new route had to be found because the demand for Asian spices, silk and other goods was enormous. European explorers (in particular, Christopher Columbus) were looking for this new route when they came across America, a land they previously did not know existed.
Society is able to grow and learn from tragedies and this is shown by the author D. giving examples of the changes that have made society safer after other tragedies have occurred.
<h3>How does Society grow from tragedies?</h3>
According to the author, society is able to learn from a tragedy by implementing changes that are meant to curtail the chances of the tragedy occurring again.
For instance, when there are plane crashes, more safety measures are implemented. Terrorist attacks lead to more security.
In conclusion, option D is correct.
Find out more on tragedy at brainly.com/question/930124.