One could be the rise of towns and the crusades. The Crusades was a campaign to reclaim the
Holy from Muslim rule. Despite the
number of campaigns launched. The Holy
remained under Muslim control and this weakened the feudal system as the
nobility spent most of their wealth on these campaigns. This led to the growth of towns where merchants
grew rich and became a force in society which led to the rise of the
Renaissance where interest was centered on the classics.
Answer:
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The cultural conservatism helped keep the culture preserved, and alive.
The resolution of the XYZ affair shows the United States wanted to establish diplomatic relationships with other countries and avoid non-ethical negotiations.
The XYZ affair was a diplomatic conflict between the United States and France, this conflict occurred by the end of the 18th century and led to a naval war.
This diplomatic conflict was considered controversial because members of the French government tried to bribe the American diplomats to begin the negotiations. This event was opposed by the American government, and the conflict between both countries increased.
All this situation led the United States to two main actions:
- The creation of the Alien and Sedition act that restricted immigrants, especially those from "hostile nations".
- The creation of protocols for official communications and negotiations between countries.
These two actions show the willingness of the United States to create diplomatic relationships with other countries but avoid a similar situation that involved bribes or non-ethical communication.
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This is a hard question that is open to discussion even among historians who specifically study World War 2 as a topic and specialize in it.
The most frequent answers that would probably be given is:
1. Pearl Harbor - with the attack of the Japanese on Pearl Harbor, USA was effectively dragged into the war which may have tipped the odds in favour of the Allies.
2. Stalingrad - the Soviet Union captured a huge German army in Stalingrad. The soldiers from this army were either imprisoned until the rest of the war or died due to hunger. In effect this meant that the German forces lost a whole army on the Eastern front.
3. Normandy landings - the Normandy invasion gave the Allies a foothold on the beaches of Western Europe from where they could invade through the mainland right into Berlin by the end.
