The correct answer is B) trust.
Patterns of communication where assertiveness and confrontation are the norms will create a relationship of trust.
This pattern will be of trust because when employers and employees have assertiveness in their conversations, this means that they are respectful and interested in maintaining open lines of communications, no matter the circumstances, This also means that confrontation of ideas is part of the daily business' communication, in which differences are welcome, ventilated in a respectful way, and at the end, members of the organization will come up with a solution.
They all supported a policy of westernization.
Prior to these rulers, Japan, Turkey, and Iran used to be very isolated and not have a lot of contact with their neighboring countries, let alone the West. However, once Emperor Meiji, Kemal Ataturk, and Shah Reza Pahlavi assumed the 'throne' of their respective countries, they turned towards the West and wanted to modernize their countries and people.
