They both thought it would be a short war. Confederates were much more prepared than the north thought. The North would have to work hard to win.
It happened in the 1800’s it allowed a lot more people to get paid more from their jobs resulting in a higher standard of living. This is where unions came in the picture, they wanted 8 hour work days and no child labor. The gilded age is known as a prosperous time for the nation but the government was very corrupt. There were corrupt industrialists, bankers and politicians who stole and benefited from the working class.
*The trans continental railroad made more people move west and created “robber barons”
*Since the government was corrupt muckrakers became a thing, the muckrakers exposed government corruption and such
This question goes a lot deeper, so if you want to know more just ask in the comments
B - More people migrated from rural farmlands to cities in order to find more work
Under Kublai Khan the Mongol empire reached its largest extension. He ruled over 24000000 km² (nearly 10000000 mi²). The empire went from China and Korea to Iran and southern Russia, from the Korean peninsula to the Danube River.
During Kublai's reign the empire was divided into four smaller Kanatos but he still remained as the Great Khan of all of them. He was actually the first Khan to successfully conquest China in 1279, making him the first Yuan ruler of the whole China. After his death, the mongols didn't elect a new Khan and the Kanatos became more independent.