The history of the 13 American colonies that would become the first 13 states of the United States dates to 1492 when Christopher Columbus discovered what he thought was a New World, but was really North America, which along with its indigenous population and culture, had been there all along.
Spanish Conquistadors and Portuguese explorers soon used the continent as a base for expanding their nations’ global empires. France and the Dutch Republic joined in by exploring and colonizing northern regions of North America.
England moved to stake its claim in 1497 when explorer John Cabot, sailing under the British flag, landed on the east coast of what is now America.
Twelve years after sending Cabot on a second but fatal voyage to America King Henry VII died, leaving the throne to his son, King Henry VIII. Henry VIII had more interest in marrying and executing wives and warring with France than in global expansion. Following the deaths of Henry VIII and his frail son Edward, Queen Mary I took over and spent most of her days executing Protestants. With the death of “Bloody Mary,” Queen Elizabeth I ushered in the English golden age, fulfilling the promise of the entire Tudor royal dynasty.
Under Elizabeth I, England began to profit from transatlantic trade, and after defeating the Spanish Armada expanded its global influence. In 1584, Elizabeth I commissioned Sir Walter Raleigh to sail towards Newfoundland where he founded the colonies of Virginia and Roanoke, the so-called “Lost Colony.” While these early settlements did little to establish England as a global empire, they set the stage for Elizabeth’s successor, King James I.
1. It spread through trade with other countries. As merchants came into Africa, they not only traded goods, but also cultures. They taught the Africans about the Muslim teachings and many Africans ended up adopting it.
2. It spread through migration. As Africans migrated from one side of the continent to another, they brought with them their religion and shared it with the people who were living in the places they migrated to.
The main cause of the second industrial revolution was, natural resources, abundant labor supply, strong government policy and new sources of power.
The Vietnam War faced mass opposition for several reasons inlcuding:
1) Unfair draft practices- Many citizens who were affluent and had connections were able to avoid being drafted by the US military. This resulted in a majority of the soldiers being individuals from lower-middle class socioeconomic groups. Many citizens felt that this was unfair, an dubbed Vietnam a rich man's fought that happened to be fought by the poor.
2) Monetary cost- The Vietnam War cost America billions of dollars over the course of the 2 decades of their involvement in trying to keep South Vietnam out of the control of the Soviet Union/communism.
3) Casualties- The US military suffered over 50,000 deaths due to this war. Americans felt that this was unacceptable.
Gold but the then found brown gold instead also known as cash crops
