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O Head of state
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Made the trenches very muddy and had pools of water that the soldiers had to walk in up to their knees
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The significance of Turkey, Catal Huyuk is that it was one of the earliest farming settlements ever found. Catal Huyuk is located in southern Anatolia. Their food production was via agriculture. Catal Huyuk has been determined by archaeological findings to be one of the oldest cities in the world
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A parliamentary system or parliamentary democracy is a system of democratic governance of a state (or subordinate entity) where the executive derives its democratic legitimacy from its ability to command the support ("confidence") of the legislature, typically a parliament, and is also held accountable to that parliament. In a parliamentary system, the head of state is usually a person distinct from the head of government. This is in contrast to a presidential system, where the head of state often is also the head of government and, most importantly, where the executive does not derive its democratic legitimacy from the legislature.
Answer: Obviously, Luther was considered to be heretic and was summoned to defend his theses.
Explanation: Luther, "the little monk" from Germany threatened the profitable system of indulgences and the Roman Catholic Church had to respond.
Luther was subsequently called to debate high-ranking Catholic theologians, such as Cardinal Cajetan in Augsburg (1518) and Johann Eck in Leipzig (1519) and surprised everyone with his refusal to change his views.
On the contrary, Luther even expanded his critique of the church in Rome with three major pieces in 1520. In these important documents, Luther publicly questioned the infallibility and authority of the Pope, critiqued central Roman Catholic doctrines, and he defended the priesthood of all believers. Of course, the Pope was not amused. In his papal bull, Exsurge Domine, he declared that Luther was a “wild boar that had invaded the Lord’s vineyard,” and called Luther to recant his views. Not intimidated at the slightest, Luther burned the bull and was subsequently excommunicated.