Could you write more so i can help?
Answer:
Split into kingdoms and city-states.
Explanation:
In the early 19th century, Italy was split into several small kingdoms, princedoms and city-states, and this had been the political reality of Italy since the Middle Ages.
Some of these smaller Italian states were under the control of foreign powers, like Piedmont, which was controlled by Savoy. However, most of them were more or less independent.
The Songhai Empire controlled the production and supply of Salt. This was a very important commodity which was known as white gold at the time.
At its peak the Songhai Empire was the largest and richest Empire in Africa and one of the most powerful in all of the Muslim world.
The cities of Timbuktu and Djenné became importing trading centers and remained one of the most important cities in Africa until the empire's demise.
Apart from salt, the empire grew rich due to its control over vast supplies of Gold, slaves, kola nuts, leather, and dates.
Eventually, the huge riches of the Empire attracted attention from other leaders of the region. In the last 20 years, the kings of Songhai were in constant feud with multinational armies which took a political and economic toll on the Empire.
Artisans organized medieval crafting guilds for a very good reason - it was mostly because it benefited themselves. They found out that if they stuck together and helped each other out in certain times, it was beneficial for them as they could earn more and have less "stress" with not having jobs or enough equimpent or knowledge.
