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Answer:After the energy from the sun is converted and packaged into ATP and NADPH, the cell has the fuel needed to build food in the form of carbohydrate molecules. The carbohydrate molecules made will have a backbone of carbon atoms. Where does the carbon come from? The carbon atoms used to build carbohydrate molecules comes from carbon dioxide, the gas that animals exhale with each breath. The Calvin cycle is the term used for the reactions of photosynthesis that use the energy stored by the light-dependent reactions to form glucose and other carbohydrate molecules.
Explanation:The Interworkings of the Calvin Cycle
In plants, carbon dioxide (CO2) enters the chloroplast through the stomata and diffuses into the stroma of the chloroplast—the site of the Calvin cycle reactions where sugar is synthesized. The reactions are named after the scientist who discovered them, and reference the fact that the reactions function as a cycle. Others call it the Calvin-Benson cycle to include the name of another scientist involved in its discovery (Figure 5.14).
This illustration shows that ATP and NADPH produced in the light reactions are used in the Calvin cycle to make sugar.
Hypothesis is the answer to question
Answer:
1. California Sea Lion and Galapagos Sea Lion are closely related because they have the same genus <em>Zalophus</em>.
2. <em>Escherichia</em> is a Genus.
3. Fungi
Answer: A protein acts as a pump and moves calcium ions from an area of low concentration to an area of high concentration.
There are primarily two types of the transport system which occurs through the cell membrane. These are Active transport and passive transport. Active transport facilitates the movement of substances from a medium of lower concentration to a medium of higher concentration. Energy is required for the movement of substances against the concentration gradient. This is accomplished by ATP ( adenosine triphosphate) powered pumps or some other source like an electrochemical gradient.
On the other hand, in passive transport, substances move from a medium of higher concentration to lower concentration.
As
ions are moving from low to higher concentration via protein pump, therefore, it accurately describes the movement through active transport.