First of all, most colonists were from Britain. This connected links to the British, so the British could come into America when they wanted. King George the Third implemented many acts into our Nation which angered the colonists. The more acts the King placed on America, the more opposed the colonists got. Then there was the French-Indian War which killed plenty of our men because of how cocky the British were.
Hope this helps
Voltaire did the treatise
Europe, but more specifically London.
The All Saints Day celebration was also called All-hallows or All-hallowmas (from Middle English Alholowmesse meaning All Saints' Day) and the night before it, the traditional night of Samhain in the Celtic religion, began to be called All-hallows Eve and, eventually, Halloween.