Answer:
1. So, in the end, above ground you must have the Haves, pursuing pleasure and comfort and beauty, and below ground the Have-nots, the Workers getting continually adapted to the conditions of their labor.
This represents society and class. As you can see here, the Haves are those people who live on the surface and enjoy the fruits of somebody else's labor. On the other hand, the Have-nots live underground and have to work hard to provide for the Haves.
2. We improve our favorite plants and animals—and how few they are—gradually by selective breeding; now a new and better peach, now a seedless grape, now a sweeter and larger flower, now a more convenient breed of cattle.
I believe this excerpt represents humankind and nature, particularly the way we treat nature. We are not satisfied with its current state, so we are constantly trying to change it and make it suit our needs better. Our attitude towards nature is arguably a wrong one.
3. Plainly, this second species of Man was subterranean. There were three circumstances in particular which made me think that its rare emergence above ground was the outcome of a long-continued underground habit. In the first place, there was the bleached look common in most animals that live largely in the dark—the white fish of the Kentucky caves, for instance.
In my opinion, this excerpts is talking about evolution. You can see that in the beginning, all people (the second species) lived underground, however, over time, they managed to evolve and emerge to the surface and start a new life there.
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<em>Hope this helps!!</em>
