The answer would be obeying the law. It is required in democracy, while volunteering, reading the news, and voting are not required.
Answer
1. It set in a process that led to displacement, removal and relocation of the natives
2. Mining rested on the white American talent for claiming legitimacy
3. Created a rapid urbanization kind of settlement
Explanation
There was a friction between miners and Indians during the rush for Gold mining that resulted into the displacement of the natives. Mining in California rested on the white American talent for claiming legitimacy. This is to say that most of them were newcomers yet it did not prevent them from claiming legitimacy of the place as occupants ignoring natives that had the right to local resources. Mining in the west brought concentrated populations, where the mining patterns of settlements turned out to be the future settlement pattern of the region.
The federal government was too weak, and couldn't enforce their laws. They had borrowed money for the Revolutionary War and couldn't pay their debt. They also lacked the power to tax.
Therefore, the answer would be the first one.
