A phylogeny is an evolutionary ”tree” of related
organisms that can be constructed by using
information obtained from the genetic material.
Genetic information is contained in all living cells,
in the form of long DNA molecules that take the
shape of connected double- stranded spirals
(DNA stands for deoxyribonucleic acid). DNA
spirals, or “helixes”, are tightly compressed in the
nucleus of every cell. Their information is
organized into a code made up of four small
molecules — the building blocks of DNA. The
molecules, called nucleotides, are labelled:
A (adenine), C (cytosine), G (guanine) and T
(thymine).
It is possible to draw conclusions about the
evolution of a group of plant or animal species,
and the relationships among them, by comparing
selected pieces of DNA.
The genetic code is being carried by the DNA molecules which are found in most organisms.
DNA it is called Deoxyribonucleic acid. It is a thread-like known as nucleotides which carry genetic instructions which are used for growth, functioning, development, and reproduction.
Both RNA and DNA are nucleic acids. DNA stores biological information. DNA is the backbone in resistance cleavage and is made from alternating sugar and phosphate.
C) movement, reproduction and sensitivity
The methylene blue reduction test is a test commonly used to estimate the microbial load of a milk sample and as a result, examine the quality of the milk.
The principle of this test is that methylene blue is a dye which loses its colour in the absence of oxygen. Bacterial metabolism can cause the depletion of oxygen in the milk, therefore the methylene's reduction rate is connected to the presence of microorganisms in the milk.
As a consequence, if the tubes were not sealed tightly, then oxygen will enter the tube and the dye's colour will diminish, giving a false result concerning the presence of microorganisms in the sample.
