Answer: 3. variable ratio
Options:
1. fixed interval
2. fixed ratio
3. variable ratio
4. variable interval
Explanation: The variable ratio of reinforcement uses rewards to create a high and steady rate of response. The rate of reward for a target behavior is unpredictable so the rat does not know when its response will get a reward. It will keep responding until the reward is delivered.
The options listed above are schedules of reinforcement. They are schedules used in rewarding target behavior in Operant conditioning.
John Hancock is elected president of the Second Continental Congress.
The best statement to fill in the blank is standard of living. Real GDP per capita is the most popular way to measure standard of living. The real GDP is an important indicator for the economic status of an area. It will dictate the quality of life of the people in that area.
Answer:
humidity oxygen content and salinity are abiotic
