You have been hired by the CFO of Lugones Industries to help estimate its cost of common equity. You have obtained the following
data: (1) r d = yield on the firm's bonds = 7.00% and the risk premium over its own debt cost = 4.00%. (2) r RF = 5.00%, RP M = 6.00%, and b = 1.25. (3) D 1 = $1.20, P 0 = $35.00, and g = 8.00% (constant). You were asked to estimate the cost of common based on the three most commonly used methods and then to indicate the difference between the highest and lowest of these estimates. What is that difference?
Re = Pre-tax cost of debt + risk premium over its own debt
Pre-tax cost of debt = 7%
risk premium over its own debt = 4%
Re = 7% + 4% = 11%
The highest cost of equity results from the CAPM model and it is 12.5% while the lowest results from using the bond yield plus risk approach (11%), the difference is 1.5% between them.
The correct answer is letter "D": Either the General Fund or Internal Service Fund is acceptable.
Explanation:
The General Fund is used by the government to record all the inflows and outflows of the transactions related to daily use expenditures and long-term operations. The agency that provides the resources is the Department of Treasury through loans receivable.
The Internal Service Fund record all transactions derived from the expenditures in the use of goods or services among government departments and agencies on a cost-reimbursement basis.
Thus, when reporting governmental financial activities, the can be recorded in the General Fund or the Internal Service Fund.