In plants, photosynthesis, occurring in chloroplasts, is an anabolic (bond-building) process whereby CO2 and H2O combine with the use of light (photon) energy. This yields O2 and sugar (i.e. glucose). This occurs in 2 phases: light-dependent and dark (Calvin cycle) reactions, which both continually recycle ADP/ATP and NADP/NADPH.
The catabolic (bond-breaking) process in plants is cellular respiration, in which glucose is broken down with O2 by glycolysis (cytoplasm only) and mitochondrial reactions (Krebs cycle and E.T.C.) to yield CO2 and H2O. These reactions recycle ADP/ATP and NAD/NADH. The CO2 and water produced by cellular respiration feed into the photosynthetic processes, and in turn, the O2 and glucose resulting from photosynthesis supply the respiratory reactions.
Answer:
Dinosaurs are the extinct organisms that belong to the class reptilia. Dinosaurs are the most advanced and bulkier reptiles at the history time and they were overspecialized in their environment.
The dinosaurs extinct rapidly due to the change in the external conditions and the volcanic eruptions that occur at the dinosaurs time. The recent searcher claims that asteroid impact and massive volcanic eruption leads to the dinosaur extinction. The fossil evidence and the presence of the specific basalt and other chemicals are found in the volcanoes and in the asteroid.
Answer: There are certain physical and internal aspects of living organism that is used for the classification of animals.
Explanation: The characteristics that define an organism to be classified as animal are:-
- Segmentation that defines the segments on the bodies of the animals which are of different kind
- Whether the animal is in the category of chordata or non-chordata
- Presence of embryo stage and number of tissue layers that are getting formed while the organism is developing
- There are most chances of sexual reproduction.
Question
Microarrays allow for
•a comparison of expression of different genes under different growth conditions.
• the analysis of global gene expression.
•the hybridization of cDNA (converted from mRNA with DNA affixed to a solid-state support.
• all of the above.
Answer:
• all of the above.
Explanation:
Microarray involves the collection and isolation of genetic samples (DNA) from a sample or tissue.
Microarray is composed of a large number of DNA material that is arrange sequentially for easy identification and use.
Microarray is used to compare the expressions of various types of genes that are growing under different conditions. It can also be used for analysis of genes globally.
