House of Reps and Senate is in the Legislative Branch.
The President is in the Executive Branch.
The Courts are the Judicial Branch
I dont know this one sorry
Well most of the concepts in these documents were prevalent in previous society's. Representative democracy in Athens. Basic inalienable rights was in the English Bill of Rights. But a big change was the checks and balances of government. i.e how the president can veto congress, the Supreme Court can overturn a veto, and Congress can impeach Supreme Court judges.
The answer is Commander of chief