The groups that would be excluded from this widening of political opportunity would be any group that is denied the right to vote, whether this means they are oppressed or in prison, etc.
Naturalization is the process that if you provide all the paper work needed you can become a legal U.S. citizen and vote under law federally. The process is fair because there are many steps before hand that allow other citizens to have temporary citizenship or permanent citizenship with limitations, such as a visa or a green card.
I belive it is A because i think kthis happend when japan bombed Hawaii
Http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/americanexperience/features/reagan-iran/