They were all barriers for the colonial period
Cultural diffusion is what i believe affected the European culture
D. a campaign volunteer goes through a neighborhood asking for votes,
person to person campaigning
Europe would be in contact with lost knowledge sooner that in reality happened. As the arab nations were more civilized than some others, the cities were preserved and the really important work of the romans would be preserved and enhanced. The gods statues were destroyed and Islam would be the only religion.
People typically were keener to listening to white people, so seeing white people support the movement had them more persuaded,