Answer: Informational
Explanation: These roles refers to the collection, dissemination and transmission of information by the manager. This role of the manager depicts how suitable a manager in decision making as the information collected is usually related to some important decision to be made.
In the given case, Julia tries to collect all the relevant information from different sources such as staff meetings. She collected all the information with objective of making the product suitable for customer needs and preferences.
Thus, we can conclude that Julia likes to play informational role.
The initial investment is the total amount spent or the amount of cash outflow.
The initial investment here is -
Proper cash flow amount = Cost of land (present cost of land) + Cost of Plant + Cost of Grading
Proper cash flow amount = $ 4,300,000 + $ 11,500,000 + $ 670,000
Proper cash flow amount = $ 16,470,000
Answer:
d. Cost cutting in one area of the value chain might increase costs in another.
Explanation:
Although cost leadership is an efficient way to dominate the competition,it does have potential pitfalls if not executed correctly. For example, if operating cost is decreased, the changed product feature may imply a higher marketing cost afterward. In order to be truly efficient, the cost leadership strategy has to be implemented in such a way, so it doesn't impact other value chain costs negatively (increasing them).
Answer:
Line
Explanation:
The line organization is the organization structure in which the authority and responsibility are communicated from the top to bottom level of management so that the proper coordination could be done at each level of management i.e top, middle and lower.
Moreover, it is a two ways lines of responsibility i.e to be communicated from high to low level of management. Plus it would be reported to one supervisor only
