Not 100% sure, but I think its D.
Answer:
Venice
Marco Polo was born around 1254 into a prosperous merchant family in the Italian city-state of Venice. His father, Niccolò, and his uncle Maffeo had left the year before on a long-term trading expedition. As a result, he was raised by extended relatives following his mother's death at a young age.
Explanation:
Thanks
Caused many political disputes, caused a lot of waste.
Trade with the Arabs did a few things for the African kingdoms. It increased trade, profit, and led to a ruling class.
Hope this Helps! :)
Answer:
Frederick Jackson Turner argued that overseas expansion was a "safety valve" to keep ambitious Americans content.