1880–1889 −0.274 °C (−0.493 °F)
Explanation:
The Ilkhanate (or Ilqanate, 1260-1335 CE) was that part of the Mongol Empire (1206-1368 CE) which mostly covered what is today Iran and parts of Turkmenistan, Turkey, Iraq, Armenia, Afghanistan, and Pakistan. Established by the Mongol general Hulegu (d. 1265 CE), the Ilkhanate took its name from the Mongol term for viceroy, ilkhan, a title awarded to Hulegu by his older brother and then ruler of the Mongols, Mongke Khan (r. 1251-1259 CE). Throughout its history, there were regular battles to defend the khanate’s territories against neighbouring states and unsuccessful diplomatic relations with the West to form an alliance against the Mamluks of Egypt, although trade agreements were established with Italian city-states. Islam was adopted by some rulers, a reflection of the dominance of that religion amongst the state’s populace, even if other faiths were practised, too. The Ilkhanate came to a definitive end by the mid-14th century CE when dynastic disputes caused its final disintegration.
Answer:
true,.....
Explanation:
sorry I didn't got the explanation
Answer:
14th centuries of the third-wave era:
By the middle of the 13th century , the chenghis khan controls the asia from the coast of china to black sea. Beginning with the agrarian civilisation, societies started to connect into large network of exchange is called trade. trade was important from the beginning.
As early 2300 BCE , civilisation in Mesopotamia in Egypt and Indus valley were in commercial relationship. Silk road enable small scale exchanges to expand dramatically , when the silk road is first opened , there has been opportunity for trade , the eastern end of silk road has been unsafe because the Chinese inability to control the nomads of mongols.
Answer:
Explanation:
Antimicrobials are probably one of the most successful forms of chemotherapy in the history of medicine. It is not necessary to reiterate here how many lives they have saved and how significantly they have contributed to the control of infectious diseases that were the leading causes of human morbidity and mortality for most of human existence. Contrary to the common belief that the exposure to antibiotics is confined to the modern “antibiotic era,” research has revealed that this is not the case. The traces of tetracycline, for example, have been found in human skeletal remains from ancient Sudanese Nubia dating back to 350–550 CE (Bassett et al., 1980; Nelson et al., 2010). The distribution of tetracycline in bones is only explicable after exposure to tetracycline-containing materials in the diet of these ancient people. Another example of ancient antibiotic exposure is from a histological study of samples taken from the femoral midshafts of the late Roman period skeletons from the Dakhleh Oasis, Egypt (Cook et al., 1989). These samples showed discrete fluorochrome labeling consistent with the presence of tetracycline in the diet at that time (Cook et al., 1989). The postulated intake of tetracycline in these populations possibly had a protective effect because the rate of infectious diseases documented in the Sudanese Nubian population was low, and no traces of bone infection were detected in the samples from the Dakhleh Oasis (Armelagos, 1969; Cook et al., 1989).
