This is a bit of a complicated question, while the church SAID that they where trying to reclaim the holy land, but it was actually mostly started for political reasons.
Muslims and Christians actually got along fairly well in the 8th century. But with the Battle of Manzikert, the tension increased with the empire. Not to mention at this time the holy roman empire (HRE) had a large controversy, where people wondered if the catholic church of the HRE had the right to appoint clerics and other church officials.
This all lead to an increase in care in religion and with propaganda of a "just war" being spread around by the Papacy the war was inevitable.
Because the first step is to provide for programs to help reduce the risk that prisoners will recidivate upon release from prison, and for other purposes.
The Formerly Incarcerated Reentrant Society Transformed with Safe Transition of Anyone or First Step Law reform the United States federal penitentiary system and seek to reduce recidivism.
According to the Cambridge and Merriam-Webster dictionaries, a person who takes power by force and rules with total authority is a dictator. A dictator is not elected by the people, and extends his powers into the private lives of the people. He usually enjoys a cult of personality throughout the nation. An example of dictator would be Hitler in Germany between 1933 and 1945.
You should bear in mind that there are two other words which could fit this definiton, with some nuance:
- if this ruler uses its unlimited power unfairly and/or cruelly, it is a tyrant;
- if this ruler came to power through elections which he rigged, and simply rules without any political opposition, it is an autocrat.
The regionalism in the United States played an essential role in composition of group and personal identity among black communities. The black people in the South were well aware of their bad social position, but they had no other choice, because any attempts to improve this situation resulted in severe punishments. However, in early 19th century, the Northern states started huge protests against slavery. In 1820 the Missouri compromise divided the country into slave states and free states. After 1820 organized groups formed ways to help slaves escape and become free in the North. Some Black people tried to escape on their own. All those events helped to form personal identity of American black community.
The kingdoms of Portuguese and the Spanish were the first to sponsor voyages overseas.
A voyage is defined as a lengthy journey, frequently involving flying or sailing.
The Portuguese discovered the Atlantic archipelagos of Madeira and Azores, the coast of West Africa in 1434, and the sea route to India in 1498, which is often regarded as a very remarkable voyage because it established the Portuguese maritime and trade presence in Kerala and the Indian Ocean.
Ferdinand II and Isabella I, the Catholic kings of Aragon, Castile, and Leon in Spain, funded Columbus's transatlantic voyages.
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