Answer: a logical appeal.
A logical appeal is one that relies on reason and evidence to make a convincing claim. In this case, Roosevelt provides two pieces of evidence from which to draw the conclusions: first, that the distance between Hawaii and Japan is so large, an attack needs to be planned days or weeks in advance. Second, that while this planning was going on, the Japanese government talked with the American government about continued peace, therefore deceiving them through false statements.
Roosevelt assumes that anyone that possesses that information, and uses this evidence to create an opinion, would agree with the declaration of war.
