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Tamiku [17]
3 years ago
15

Can somebody give me the answer for these...

Biology
1 answer:
labwork [276]3 years ago
4 0

Answer:

1. Life cycle of a cell starts from

G1 phase - S phase (synthesise phase) - G2 phase - mitosis.

2. By mitosis bcoz it restore nucleo cytoplasmic ratio means ploidy of cell remain same.

3. Bcoz of transformation of normal cells into cancerous cells by Carcinogens present in tobacco.,drugs .etc

4 mitosis occurs in plants animals

Binary fission occurs in bacteria and other single celled organism.

.

Both give rise to two daughter cells.

5.sex cells (n) are produced by meiosis from gamete mother cells(2n).

6.in meiosis <em>ploidy</em><em> </em><em>of</em><em> </em><em>cell</em><em> </em><em>become</em><em> </em><em>half</em><em> </em>

<em>Means</em><em> </em><em>diploid</em><em> </em><em>cell</em><em> </em><em>form</em><em> </em><em>haploid</em><em> </em><em>cells</em>

<em>And</em><em> </em><em>4</em><em> </em><em> </em><em>haploid</em><em> </em><em>daughters</em><em> </em><em>cells</em><em> </em><em>are</em><em> </em><em>formed</em><em>.</em><em> </em>

<em>In</em><em> </em><em>mitosis</em><em>,</em><em> </em><em>ploidy</em><em> </em><em>of</em><em> </em><em>cell</em><em> </em><em>remain</em><em> </em><em>same</em><em> </em>

<em>Means</em><em> </em><em>haploid</em><em> </em><em>form</em><em> </em><em>haploid</em><em> </em><em>and</em><em> </em><em>diploid</em><em> </em><em>form</em><em> </em><em>diploid</em><em>.</em><em> </em>

<em>1</em><em> </em><em>cell</em><em> </em><em>form</em><em> </em><em>2</em><em> </em><em>daughter</em><em> </em><em>cells</em><em>.</em><em> </em>

<em>Hope</em><em> </em><em>this helps</em><em> </em><em>you</em><em>.</em><em>.</em><em> </em><em>Frnd</em><em> </em><em>❤️</em>

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2. The difference affects the amino acid sequence of the protein by replacing glutamic acid (Glu) with valine (Val).

Explanation:

In sickle cell anemia, a change in the DNA nucleotide sequence is observed, where adenine is substituted by thymine, whose expression is the change in the amino acid sequence of globine β, incorporating valine instead of glutamic acid. This represents a molecular mutation - point mutation - by subtitution, which corresponds to missense mutation.

<u>Normal hemoglobin protein in a RBC</u>

DNA                 CTG ACT CCT GAG GAG AAG TCT

Amino acids     Leu  Thr   Pro   Glu   Glu   Lys   Ser

<u>Sickle cell hemoglobin protein in a RBC</u>

DNA                 CTG ACT CCT <em>GTG</em> GAG AAG TCT

Amino acids     Leu  Thr   Pro   <em>Val</em>   Glu   Lys   Ser

When GAG is transcribed to mRNA, the CUC codon is obtained, which codes for glutamic acid. Thymine substitution causes the DNA sequence to change to GTG, which is transcribed as CAC, the codon that encodes the amino acid valine. The <u>change from glutamic acid to valine in β-globin causes an altered hemoglobin, giving the abnormal erythrocytes observed in sickle cell disease</u>.

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