Question

A researcher in a lab finds a microscopic organism that is a producer. Populations of this organism are found in extreme environments (e.g., hot springs). The researcher will correctly identify this organism as belonging to the domain ____.

Answer 1

Answer:

ARCHAEA

Explanation:

These are prokaryotes that can withstand extreme conditions. Because of this feature   they are refereed to as  hyperthermophile.

Adaptive characteristic s for high Temperatures

1. Archaea cell membrane is made up of ether linkages rather than the usual ester-linkages of membrane structure. This ether linkage  group solidified  the covalent bond between the phosphate group and the hydrocarbon group of the fatty acids group. The stability provided by the ether-linkage  made the covalent bonds more stable, with high resistance to  the effect of applied heat energy of the high temperature environments.

2. Possession of ( Cyclopentane rings,) and  tetraether phospholipid, which forms monolayer in Archaea cell membrane is another feature.The mono layer ,instead of the usual bilayer,allows tight  packaging of the molecules within the membrane,which reduces fluidity of the membranes and therefore mobility of the molecules, thus preventing  loss of molecules when exposed to high temperature. Cytopentane  rings in archaea structure  also ensures close tightening of the molecules within the membrane for restrictions of movements of molecules.

3. The higher numbers of Guanine-Cytosine  triple hydrogen bonds compare to    two hydrogen bonds of  Adenine-thymine also ensures stability of the DNA of Archaea, and therefore resistance to high harsh conditions. This is another feature for   continuous survival in extreme environmental conditions,

Answer 2

Answer:

Archaea

Explanation:

Archaea is domain of living organism consisting of unicellular, prokaryotic organisms that are able to exist in extremely harsh environment such as hydro-thermal vents, hotsprings and acidic environment.

Some archaea are known to posses the capacity to carry out a form of photosynthesis using rhodopsin-like ion pumps to move ions against the gradient and produce ATP via chemiosmosis. However, no known archea has the ability to carry out classical photosynthesis like that of green plants.