Here is how this is solved.
First stage one segment
second stage 3 segment each 1/3 of the original (like dividing the first one into 3) this creates three bending
3rd stage each one of the 1/3 long segments is now divided into 4 making a total of 12
low and behold there is 12 bendings in total
the idea here is each division is considered a bend
Answer:
a)

b) 
Step-by-step explanation:
Part a
Let A the random variable that represent "The arrival time (minutes) for a daily flight from Boston to New York ". And we know that the distribution of A is given by:

We select our starting point a=0 representing 9:05 AM and the amount of minutes between 9:05 am to 9:55 am are 50 ans for this reason b =50
For ths uniform distribution the expected value is given by
where X is the random variable, and a,b represent the limits for the distribution. If we apply this for our case we got:

And the variance is given by:

And the standard deviation by definition is just the square root of the variance:

Part b
If we convert 9:30 AM to our scale we know that we have 25 minutes between 9:05 AM and 9:30 AM.
For this case we want to find this probability: 
And we can find this probability using the complement rule like this:

And we can use the cumulative distribution function given by:

And we got:

Your answer for air is correct. Glass has a higher refractive index compared to water.
So the answers should go in this order: Water, Glass, Air
Explanation:
Light moves slower in glass, so glass has a higher refractive index than water. This means that light is refracted at a greater angle
Answer:A
Step-by-step explanation: