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kati45 [8]
3 years ago
5

Which of the following is not a type of fault?

Biology
2 answers:
icang [17]3 years ago
4 0
I believe the answer would be <span>D.)  Abnormal</span>
Bond [772]3 years ago
3 0

The correct answer is D. abnormal

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Identify the genotype and phenotype of a heterozygous individual.
alexandr402 [8]
A heterozygous individual is someone who has one recessive and one dominant trait

ex: (Dh). D- black hair. d- blonde hair

The phenotype will be the one that belongs with the dominant trait (D) so the phenotype would be black hair.

hope that helps
4 0
3 years ago
What is the most important property of water to living organisms?
BARSIC [14]

A.

B is wrong since water is not soluble in lipids

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3 years ago
When oxygen is available,<br>cellular respiration takes place.​
nexus9112 [7]

Cellular respiration is a process that all living things use to convert glucose into energy. Autotrophs (like plants) produce glucose during photosynthesis. Heterotrophs (like humans) ingest other living things to obtain glucose. While the process can seem complex, this page takes you through the key elements of each part of cellular respiration.

Cellular respiration is a collection of three unique metabolic pathways: glycolysis, the citric acid cycle, and the electron transport chain. Glycolysis is an anaerobic process, while the other two pathways are aerobic. In order to move from glycolysis to the citric acid cycle, pyruvate molecules (the output of glycolysis) must be oxidized in a process called pyruvate oxidation.

Glycolysis

Glycolysis is the first pathway in cellular respiration. This pathway is anaerobic and takes place in the cytoplasm of the cell. This pathway breaks down 1 glucose molecule and produces 2 pyruvate molecules. There are two halves of glycolysis, with five steps in each half. The first half is known as the “energy requiring” steps. This half splits glucose, and uses up 2 ATP. If the concentration of pyruvate kinase is high enough, the second half of glycolysis can proceed. In the second half, the “energy releasing: steps, 4 molecules of ATP and 2 NADH are released. Glycolysis has a net gain of 2 ATP molecules and 2 NADH.

Some cells (e.g., mature mammalian red blood cells) cannot undergo aerobic respiration, so glycolysis is their only source of ATP. However, most cells undergo pyruvate oxidation and continue to the other pathways of cellular respiration.

Pyruvate Oxidation

In eukaryotes, pyruvate oxidation takes place in the mitochondria. Pyruvate oxidation can only happen if oxygen is available. In this process, the pyruvate created by glycolysis is oxidized. In this oxidation process, a carboxyl group is removed from pyruvate, creating acetyl groups, which compound with coenzyme A (CoA) to form acetyl CoA. This process also releases CO2.

Citric Acid Cycle

The citric acid cycle (also known as the Krebs cycle) is the second pathway in cellular respiration, and it also takes place in the mitochondria. The rate of the cycle is controlled by ATP concentration. When there is more ATP available, the rate slows down; when there is less ATP the rate increases. This pathway is a closed loop: the final step produces the compound needed for the first step.

The citric acid cycle is considered an aerobic pathway because the NADH and FADH2 it produces act as temporary electron storage compounds, transferring their electrons to the next pathway (electron transport chain), which uses atmospheric oxygen. Each turn of the citric acid cycle provides a net gain of CO2, 1 GTP or ATP, and 3 NADH and 1 FADH2.

Electron Transport Chain

Most ATP from glucose is generated in the electron transport chain. It is the only part of cellular respiration that directly consumes oxygen; however, in some prokaryotes, this is an anaerobic pathway. In eukaryotes, this pathway takes place in the inner mitochondrial membrane. In prokaryotes it occurs in the plasma membrane.

The electron transport chain is made up of 4 proteins along the membrane and a proton pump. A cofactor shuttles electrons between proteins I–III. If NAD is depleted, skip I: FADH2 starts on II. In chemiosmosis, a proton pump takes hydrogens from inside mitochondria to the outside; this spins the “motor” and the phosphate groups attach to that. The movement changes from ADP to ATP, creating 90% of ATP obtained from aerobic glucose catabolism.

7 0
3 years ago
What is the function of monomers and polymers in protein
IRINA_888 [86]

Answer:

They are the monomers of the proteins.

Explanation:

When hundreds or thousands of amino acids join together, they create proteins, which are then used for many tasks in organisms, such as doing work in cells, help with DNA replication, etc. So, the monomer will be the amino acids, and the polymer will be the proteins themselves.

8 0
3 years ago
The roots of a plant growing downward in a response to gravity is an example of a ________.
Salsk061 [2.6K]
<span>geotropism (also calles gravitropism)</span>
8 0
3 years ago
Read 2 more answers
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