I believe the answer would be friction and/or gravity
Answer:A. Codominance
Explanation:
This is a type of genetic inheritance where neither of the genes is dominant over another. Thus both pair of the gene are expressed on the same LOCUS equally with none masking another. Therefore an individual receive both allele of a heterozygous gene, and have equal phenotypic expression
An example is the AB blood group in man, where both allele present on the same locus are fully expressed with no one dominant over another.
Incomplete dominance refers to a blend of alleles where one does not have full dominance over another another, therefore gives a new phenotypic expression different from both alleles.
e.g pink flower allele in four o'clock flower.
Answer: It is necessary for the immune system to clearly distinguish foreign cells and proteins from those made by the body so that the immune system will be able to fight foreign cells and proteins and eliminate them from the body.
Explanation: The ability of the immune system to clearly distinguish foreign cells and proteins from those made by the body helps the body to identify pathogens that invade the body and trigger appropriate immune response to eliminate the foreign cells and proteins.
When the immune system of the body fails to distinguish foreign cells and proteins from those made by the body, the body launches an attack against its cells, that is the immune system triggers an autoimmune response in which attacks are launched against the cells of the body and destroy them. This condition in which the immune system recognizes the cells of the body as non-self and launches an attack against them is known as autoimmunity. Autoimmunity is the major cause of most degenerative diseases such as type I diabetes mellitus.
The goal is to isolate “c”.
ac+ab=d
ac=d-ab
c=(d-ad)/a
Hope this helped :)
Answer:
The answer to the question: Class II MHC proteins are found on which of the following cell types, would be: on macrophages and lymphocytes, particularly T-Cells.
Explanation:
MHC, or Major histocompatibility complex, is a very important part of the immune response that the body gives against an invading pathogen, or other foreign substances. There are three types in the human body, Class I, Class II and Class III and each of them will play a role on the cellular membrance of different types of cells and mediate different types of responses. In the human body, this histocompatibility complex is best known as HLA, or human leukocyte antigen, and it will ensure the recognition, or non-recognition of substances, tissues, and other organisms, by the human immune system. Class II, as mentioned before, are most usually found on the immune cells macrophages and lymphocytes, and they are the ones responsible for presenting antigens to these proteinic antibodies so that the immune cells can initiate a proper immune response.
