"Zion" refers to the sacred site in Jerusalem where the temple had been located. The main Zionist movement was largely secular in nature, however, focused on establishing a homeland for anyone of Jewish ethnicity. Some of the early founders were socialists in their political perspective as well, and looked to found a national community of that character. Theodore Herzl is typically credited with getting the secular Zionist movement started and leading in the founding of the World Zionist Organization. Convinced that the Jews would never truly be welcomed or assimilated within the countries of Europe, Herzl argued for establishment of their own homeland somewhere. (Eventually that "somewhere" became a movement focused on going back to the ancestral land of Israel.)
The Nazis justified the invasion by claiming that Austria had descended into chaos. They circulated fake reports of rioting in Vienna and street fights caused by Communists. German newspapers printed a phony telegram supposedly from the new Austrian chancellor saying that German troops were necessary to restore order.
American president Thomas Jefferson (Democratic-‐Republican party) led Congress to pass the Embargo Act of 1807. Effects on American shipping and markets: Agricultural prices and earnings fell. Shipping-related industries were devastated.
<span>Followers of Muhammad's Islamic faith condemned idol worship and were called Muslims. Islam is one of the oldest and most dominant religions in the world and originated from Mecca. Muslims are guided by the Qur'an which is considered to be the final revelation of Allah. Muhammad is known as the "seal of the prophets".</span>
