Question

In past centuries, european nations colonized countries in

Answer 1

Basically: everywhere else. 

the European countries colonized countries in America: 

mostly Spain, Portugal and Great britain

In Africa: 

Mostly Great Britain, France and Portugal

and in Asia: the Netherlands, Great Britain and France

and various small Islands on the Pacific

You can usually tell which country was colonized by which country by its official languages, for example, Angola has Portuguese as its official language and we can tell that it was colonized by Portugal