Fossilization is a process that requires certain conditions so that it can take place. The climate is very important, a hot and wet place is not a place where there's a chance of finding fossils, while the places with permafrost are a much better candidate because the bacteria can not dissolve the organisms. The pressure also can play a vital role. A place that manages to keep the organisms safe from outside influence, like the tar pits, are excellent preservers. Also the structure of the organisms play a key role, a boneless organism is very hard to preserve and be fossilized, while an organism with bone structure has a bigger chance of being preserved.
1- The terrestrial lithosphere is composed almost of 80% by igneous rocks, they are also known as magmatic rocks and are formed at high temperatures due to magma solidification, they come from the superior mantle and terrestrial coast. Its texture is super resistant with significant hardness to obtain minerals and other derived materials. They can be divided into extrusive and intrusive.
2- Through experiments, Bowen has defined a sequence of mineral formation when a magma begins to cool. There are two types of magmatic differentiation defined by Bowen, the continuous series and the discontinuous series. In the continuous series the internal structure of the magma is not altered and all minerals have iron and magnesium, they are formed: aluminum, silica and sodium and calcium.
In the discontinuous series decreasing the temperature reacts the previously formed mineral with the existing liquid, and thus a new mineral with different internal structure and composition is formed. They are formed: olivine, pyroxena, amphibole and biotite.
