D) long chains of amino acids used for building, repair and maintenance
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The condition which is most likely to cause death of a botulism patient is Respiratory failure.
Explanation:
The causal organism of Botulism is the bacteria <em>Clostridium botulinum.</em>
It is usually found in canned food and causes a very severe food poisoning.
The bacteria release botulinum toxin on reaching the intestine of the person and from their the toxins are absorbed into the blood.
Botulism mainly effects the neuromuscular system of the body. .
The basic symptoms of botulism is characterised by weaknes in limbs , jaws and eyes.
A decreased muscular activity sometimes causes constipation due to slowed down peristalsis.
Sometimes nausea , vomiting and diarrhea may occur.
If left untreated and in severe cases, the toxins may proceed to effect the respiratory muscle thus hindering the proper breathing and gaseous exchange.
A further damage could result in the respiratory failure.
Answer and Explanation: The figure below shows the doses of BPA administered to the female mice over time.
An experiment is used to determine cause and effect among variables. When the research is for the impact of a treatment, researchers randomly separate individuals in two groups:
- <em><u>Control</u></em> <em><u>Group</u></em> doesn't receive any treament or a placebo or a treatment whose outcome is already known;
- <em><u>Treatment</u></em> <em><u>Group</u></em> receives the treatment;
For the female mice on the image below, in the First Group is not injected any dosage of BPA, so they are the control group, while the <u>others</u> are <u>treatment group</u>.
The variables in a experiment are classified as independents or dependents:
- <em><u>Independent</u></em> <em><u>Variable</u></em> is the cause;
- <em><u>Dependent</u></em> <em><u>Variable</u></em> is the effect;
For the BPA research, since it is the effect of BPA over time on the mice's cells it is being investigated, <u>dosage</u> of BPA is the <u>independent</u> variable and <em>time</em> is the <em>dependent</em> variable.