The correct option is 3.
Enzymes are biological catalysts which speed up the rate of biochemical reactions inside the cells. Enzymes are very specific in action and they require specific conditions called optimum conditions for them to function optimally.
When the optimum conditions are not met, an enzyme's activity will be lowered or totally stopped.
Conditions that affect the optimum activity of an enzyme include: temperature, pH level and regulatory activity of regulatory enzymes and hormones.
The answer is <span>C.silent.
Nonsense, missense, silent, and frameshift mutations are point mutations. The point mutations are the change in a single nucleotide base on the DNA molecule. In a missense mutation, the change in a single nucleotide base results in a codon coding for a different amino acid. In a nonsense mutation, the change in a single nucleotide results in a stop codon or in a nonsense codon. Frameshift mutation, due to addition or deletion of a base, results in the change of reading frame and totally different translation. In all these cases, the change could lead to different of nonfunctional protein translation.
Silent mutation, on the other, means that change in a nucleotide base will no affect amino acid. It will result in a different codon, but the one that code for the same amino acid, so the same protein will be produced.
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Answer:
The correct answer is - by absorbing too much sodium and water into the cells in the respiratory system.
Explanation:
Cystic fibrosis or CF is a genetic disorder that is caused by the presence of two defective genes that leads to the production of thick and sticky mucus in an individual that affects the respiratory and digestive system by clogging mucus in it.
Due to defective genes, there is an abnormal electrolyte transport system develops in which cells of the respiratory system including the lungs absorb an excessive amount of salt (sodium) and water. It all caused by deletion of the three letters which means an amino acid from a gene that leads to the disruption of the protein that controls the production of the mucus and abnormal electrolyte transport.
Answer:
b. Forward or reverse primers
Explanation:
Sanger sequencing is a technique of DNA sequencing based on the extension of DNA fragments with variable sizes terminated with dideoxynucleotides at the 3′ end. This technique was developed by Frederick Sanger in 1977. In Sanger sequencing, a short primer is added in order to bind by complementarity to the target DNA region of interest. Subsequently, a DNA polymerase adds nucleotides (A, T, C and G) in the 5'-3' direction. Finally, the extension of the DNA strand is stopped by adding dideoxynucleotides, which are nucleotide analogs (i.e., modified nucleotides) that act as DNA synthesis terminators.
