The correct answer is endothelium.
The endothelium is a thin layer of single-layered, squamous cells that can be found in the lumen of blood vessels, on the interior surfaces of the heart chambers, in the glomerulus of the kidney...The main function of endothelium is barrier function when it acts as a semi-selective barrier between the lumen of the vessels and surrounding tissue, and thus, controls the passage of materials. The endothelium is also included in functions such as fluid filtration in the kidneys, the control of blood pressure (vasodilatation and vasoconstriction), inflammation.
False, it doesn’t depend on environmental factors
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Answer:
B) a nonsense mutation; this is because a nonsense mutation results in the change of a regular amino acid codon into a stop codon, which ceases translation. This fits with the problem's description of the protein that causes the symptoms as too short, as translation is the process by which proteins/polypeptides are created. A missense mutation would not be the answer because it still codes for an amino acid, which would not shorten the protein. A duplication of the gene would probably just lengthen the protein or not affect its length at all.
The human foot has two arches, but the chimpanzee foot has only one.