The 1980s was the time of the Cold War. The US was very much worried that communism would spread throughout the world during this time, and they wanted to prevent this. One of the ways they believed they could prevent is to support right-wing governments and coups in Latin America.
In the late 1800s, the emphasis on a biological cause of mental disorder ironically resulted in reduced interest in treatments for mental patients because it was thought that mentally ill were possessed by or in need of religion.
The biological causes of mental disorders include genetics, prenatal damage, infections, exposure to toxins, brain defects, and substance abuse.
In the late century the emphasis on the treatment of the mentally not even existed. They were relegated to prisons or almshouses, with dirty conditions.
There was negative attitudes towards mental illness which led to stigmatization and confinement of the mentally ill.
To learn more about biological causes of mental disorders here
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The answer is: just noticeable difference
In psychology, just noticeable difference refers to a sudden change that can make people's sense to perceive a certain thing differently.
In the case above, the soldier aware that if he move, he would create a movement that cannot be done by a simple snow. He's concerned that the enemy that see it would automatically notice it with their vision and directly aware of the camouflage.
